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HomeMy WebLinkAboutL_DevPlan_ImplementationGergetown IMPLEMENTATION The Land Intensity, Transportation, and Utilities Elements of this Plan recommend a variety of programs, projects, and work activities which should be pursued in order to enhance the growth and development of Georgetown. It is important that growth occurs in a manner that meets the economic development Ends of the community without negatively impacting the high quality of life which our citizens value. The implementation tools described in this section attempt to ensure that result. It is also important that implementation of this Plan continues to reflect the needs of the community. The continued involvement of Georgetown residents in the preparation and adoption of all Century Plan Elements was designed to ensure that the Plan would reflect the values and desires of the community. Ends and Means will change, however, throughout the planning period as the community grows, market conditions fluctuate, and new concerns become apparent. Therefore, the Policy Plan prescribes a procedure by which the adopted elements of the Century Plan may be amended or revised. Developers may request a Plan amendment if their proposed development cannot be accommodated within the intensity system set forth in the Plan. This type of amendment would be similar to a rezoning under the current Zoning Ordinance. Division Directors will also have the opportunity to recommend amendments and revisions in the Annual Evaluation Report which is submitted to the City Manager and the City Council (see the Policy Plan, Chapter Four, Section 2.05). All other requirements of the Adnumstmtive Ordinance of the Policy Plan will be followed in the implementation of this Plan. 65 G c" of eorgetown IMAGE IMAGE (Infrastructure for A Growing Environment) provides the City with a dynamic accounting tool with the flexibility to analyze the impact of a broad range of development scenarios. In -house implementation of IMAGE enables the City to incorporate maintenance of the system into the regular work program. In addition it improves reliability and expedites: - project review, - plan amendment review, - tracking of land development projects, - analysis of development trends, and - analysis of demand patterns. The Development Plan would quickly become a static, outdated plan without the implementation of IMAGE. The flexibility and continued usefulness of this Plan necessitates the continual monitoring of public and private development decisions. This includes the regular entry of data pertaining to approved land development proposals and infrastructure system improvement plans, combined with the periodic analysis of demand patterns to refine the accuracy of the assumptions that form the basis of IMAGE. Failure to continue implementing IMAGE will diminish the reliability and flexibility of the Plan, as well as: - result in inefficiency due to the lost cost of the system's development; - necessitate the need for more frequent and mote expensive Plan updates and revisions; and - increase the cost of developing other Plan elements, particularly the Capital Improvements Program. In addition to maintaining the data base, . implementation of IMAGE involves the analysis of system capacities for both specific development proposals and Plan amendment proposals. In general, capacity checks can be based on previously generated capacity maps because the majority of proposals will have an insignificant impact on the City's systems. These maps should be updated on a regular basis, however, to include all newly approved plats, plans, permits, and amendments. Any project which would generate sufficient demand to reach or exceed 90 percent of total capacity for any of the three systems should be tested at the time it is first proposed. In the case of Plan amendments, the future systems N Georgetown maps for the water, wastewater, and /or transportation systems should be updated as necessary to accommodate the new demands and programmed improvements necessitated by the amendment. The projections of demand by land use type (Exhibit 3) were developed by the consultant using Georgetown - specific data and industry standards. Over time, field data should be compared with these assumed demand projections in order to develop the most accurate, Georgetown- specific data possible. Utility billing records should be analyzed annually in order to refute the relationships between land use and demands. These relationships should also be adjusted as additional demand data are provided by reliable sources (i.e., ITE Trip Generation Reports, Urban Land Institute demand data, and data from other cities and professional organizations). This program of regular data refinement is vital to the reliability of IMAGE. Maintenance of land use records is also vital to the development of reliable, Georgetown- specific demand data. Land use records include the type of land use, the amount of that land use, and other information necessary to locate, define, and track development activity which may affect the demands on the City's roads or utilities. These data eventually should be maintained on a lot -by -lot basis; however, they may be aggregated to the block level when land uses are consistent throughout the block and when the block does not contain parts of more than one service area for any system. DEVELOPMENT PLAN Although the impact analysis established by this Plan introduces a new element to the City's development requirements, it has a legal basis in the City's power to enact zoning and subdivision regulations. As such, many of the tools for implementing the Plan are well established. This section of the Plan describes some of these existing tools and how they can be modified and used to achieve the Ends and Means of the Plan. This Plan anticipates that the State, Williamson County, and private developers will share the responsibility with the City for developing transportation and utility systems to meet the needs of the community throughout the planning period. The City's role in this effort will include obtaining and reserving right -of -way for future improvements, maintaining and improving the existing systems, and 67 Georgetown constructing some of the extensions and improvements to the new systems. To the extent that the City can involve the State, Williamson County, and private developers in the development of these systems, the implementation of this Plan will be enhanced. The exception will be developments which are likely to have a significant positive impact on the City. This has been a specific concern of the Century Plan. The Policy Plan establishes the general directive that the City should do more to attract these desirable developments. One way of accomplishing this is to provide transportation and utility- related incentives to attract developments that will benefit the City. This consideration will have an impact on each of the potential financing methods described below. ANNEXATION AND EXTRA - TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION Municipalities have the power to control the development and use of land within their corporate boundaries, and more limited powers in the unincorporated areas adjacent to the City limits. A stated Goal of the Land Intensity Element is to annex sufficient land to include the entire Georgetown Planning Area within the extra - territorial jurisdiction (ETJ). The Future Urban Area is projected to encompass Georgetown's corporate limits by the year 2010, and to support a population of 43,500 citizens. This will enable the City to enact the Ends and Means of the Plan throughout the Planning Area. Annexation is the means by which cities extend their corporate limits. ETJ extension may occur as the result of the extension of corporate boundaries, voluntary inclusion in the ETI, or an increase in the City's population to 25,000 or greater. Annexations for the sole purpose of ETJ extension should be used sparingly. However, if used, flood plains are useful for this purpose because of their low values and low service needs. It is preferable to annex with voluntary extensions, but they require a considerable administrative investment. Because of Georgetown's size, Texas State Statutes currently permit ETJ controls up to one mile outside the corporate limits. However, the Texas Local Government Code, Sections 42.001 and 42.021 provide that a city's ETJ increases from one mile to two miles whenever the population is equal to or greater than 25,000. The annexation of existing, developed ETJ subdivisions can be used to reach . this population threshold and give Georgetown an even greater amount of ETJ. Implementation of this Plan will require that annexation is used to extend the City's corporate limits to the Future Urban Area because some of the City's regulatory powers, such as zoning, are limited by the boundaries of corporate M G CRY OF eorgetown jurisdiction. Subdivision regulations, however, which extend to the ETI, would become applicable to the greater part of the Planning Area. This program of annexation will be necessary to achieve compliance with the Plan's site design criteria. Development standards such as those which constitute the site design criteria prescribed by this Plan generally must be addressed through zoning when land is either already platted or does not require platting. land is not subject to zoning regulations unless it is within the City limits. The introduction of platting, on the other hand, involves the City's power to enact subdivision regulations, which may be applied throughout the ETI. SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS The Subdivision Ordinance of the City of Georgetown regulates the manner in which a tract of land may be divided into two or more parts. Subdivision regulations apply to land within both the incorporated City limits and the extm - territorial jurisdiction. They establish design standards to he used in the planning and development of streets, alleys, sidewalks, lots, blocks, easements, building lines, and other improvements. The City of Georgetown is authorized to regulate the use of land in this manner by the Texas Local Government Code, Chapter 212. Georgetown's current Subdivision Ordinance was adopted on February 14, 1988, after undergoing significant review. This Ordinance includes more detailed design standards and improvement requirements than had previously been required by the City. Requirements found in the Subdivision Ordinance will be vital to the successful implementation of the Development Plan. However, some modifications to the subdivision requirements will be necessary. For example, the platting procedure must be modified to require that plats indicate use and intensity in order to document compliance with the Intensity Map and to assure the availability of necessary services. The plat must also demonstrate compliance with the site design criteria as these will be the mechanisms for ensuring that quality development continues to occur in Georgetown. In general, the existing Subdivision Ordinance will continue to act as the primary source of site design criteria and therefore will complement the recommendations of the Plan. ZONING REGULATIONS The Texas Local Government Code, Chapter 211, gives cities in Texas the authority to regulate and restrict the use of land. This is a police power which is confined to the corporate limits of the City. Georgetown's Zoning Ordinance 69 C" or Georgetown establishes districts and regulations for the use of land in those districts for the purpose of promoting the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of the City. There are three general districts established by the Zoning Ordinance - residential, commercial, and industrial. These districts are further divided into a total of eleven districts in which the specific use of land is prescribed. The boundaries of each zoning district are designated on the Official Zoning Map, which is a part of the Zoning Ordinance. In addition to defining the permitted uses of land, the Zoning Ordinance also prescribes the manner in which the proposed use is to be developed, including such elements as yards, open space, lot coverage, landscaping, spacing, height, and off - street parking. The Zoning Ordinance will operate concurrently with the impact analysis recommended by this Plan. However, a long range goal of this Plan is to develop and implement zoning regulations which are predominantly performance oriented. Therefore, the current Zoning Ordinance will be revised by the end of 1990 to reflect a greater reliance on performance oriented site design. criteria. CONSTRUCTION PERMITS Currently the City of Georgetown issues plumbing, electrical, mechanical, and building permits for all new construction and remodeling. Tap fees are assessed whenever a connection is required to the City's water, sewer, or electric utilities. The construction permits are only required for work within the incorporated City limits. Utility connection permits, on the other hand, may be issued within the extra - territorial jurisdiction. Prior to the issuance of building or connection permits, the Subdivision Ordinance, Section 27000, requires that all developments within the territorial jurisdiction of the City submit a detailed development plan (DDP). The DDP should depict the land to be improved and the nature and extent of all existing and proposed improvements to the land. DDP approval is designed to encourage good site planning, which includes the compatible arrangement of buildings, off - street parking, lighting, signage, landscaping, vehicle and pedestrian circulation, site drainage, and open space. The construction permitting process should be used as a tool for both the enforcement of the zoning and subdivision regulations, and the assessment and monitoring of the impact analysis. Enforcement will largely be accomplished 70 ) CrrY OF Georgetown DEVELOPMENT PLAN through the DDP and the revised site plan requirements of the Zoning Ordinance, as these will be the primary means of ensuring that all required site design elements have been incorporated into the development. The construction permits will be the City's fund opportunity to ensure that new construction actually adheres to the requirements mandated by the zoning and subdivision processes and documented on the site plan or DDP. Utility connection permits will be used for the same purpose in the ET7 when City utilities are involved. The construction permitting process can also help to monitor whether the performance factors used to predict utility system demands accurately measure the development's actual demands on the systems. These two functions, enforcement and monitoring, are important to ensure that implementation of the impact analysis conforms to and accomplishes the Ends and Means of the Plan. ANNUAL OPERATING PLAN The Administrative Chapter of the adopted Century Phan - Policy Plan s \ : ' requires that the City prepare a three part `. °o°OW;b Annual Operating Plan with one -, two-, and five -year time horizons. Chapter 4, Section 2.03, further states that "identification, selection, prioritization, approval and funding of City programs, projects and work activities shall be based upon the adopted policies, ends, means and functional plan elements which comprise the Century Plan." The Policy Plan reflects the requirements of the City Charter by expressly prohibiting the City from using funds, equipment, or staff in a manner which is inconsistent or in conflict with the Century Plan. The Annual Operating Plan, then, will be the primary mechanism for undertaking the activities prescribed by the Century Plan. The City will he involved in land development review and monitoring, as well as the construction, upgrade, and maintenance of City transportation and utility systems. The guidelines for accomplishing and funding these projects are included within the Land Intensity, Transportation, and Utilities Functional Plan Elements. The City's Annual Operating Plan has typically included a capital improvements. program (CIP) to address utility and street improvements. Street improvements which the City has addressed in the past include paving, repairing, seal coating, widening, and constructing curbs and gutters. For the most part the CIP has addressed improvements to existing collector and local roads. Improvements to the utility systems have been made to address specific problems and to extend service to high priority areas of the City. These activities should 71 Georgetown DEVELOPMENT continue to be addressed by the Annual Operating Plan. However, the decision as to which improvements to schedule within a given fiscal year will now be guided both by IMAGE and by Council priorities for development. IMAGE will monitor the differential between the existing and committed capacities of the traffic and utilities systems and their existing and committed demands. As recommended in the section which describes the Use of the Impact Analysis, a trigger point should be incorporated into IMAGE that will indicate to the City when planning for increased capacities in these systems must begin if development is to continue. Financing these improvements will not always be the responsibility of the City. The financing issue is to be resolved by the specific Policies of the Transportation or Utilities Elements, which generally recommend that financing be based on the type of improvement and its benefit for the community as a whole. EXTENSION OF SERVICES The availability of services is,,�"j a key factor in the viability of many urban land uses. The level and type of services provided often determine the timing and intensity of new development and redevelopment. The performance ^ criteria which form the basis of (l�) the impact analysis rely on water, wastewater, and transportation services. It is important to remember, however, that a high quality of life in an urban setting requires the provision of many more services, including police, fire, libraries, and parks. These services are beyond the scope of this Plan and will be addressed by subsequent Functional Plan Elements, The Development Plan designates the Future Urban Area as the projected service area for City water and wastewater services. Transportation services will be provided by a variety of public entities throughout the Planning Area. IMAGE enables the City to monitor the effect that new demands have on the available capacity of the system, and it indicates the need for system improvements. Proposed developments which comply with the existing development ordinances and the maximum allowable system intensities will be allowed to proceed provided 72 W G CRY Or eorgetown the system capacity is available. In certain situations developers . may be required or be allowed to provide their own services. In other cases, the City will maintain a Capital Improvements Program (CIP) to set priorities and commitments for infrastructure improvements. Short term CIP planning (one, two, and five years) will become an integral part of the Annual Operating Plan. Long range planning should be derived from the Ends and Means of the individual Functional Plan Elements. Recommended tools for funding the extension of services are described throughout this section. Individual land development decisions and planned capital improvements should accurately reflect the Future Intensity and Services Maps. However, the timing, sequence, and nature of development will be largely influenced by the CIP, because development cannot commence until the required services are available, or guaranteed to be available when needed. The location and extent of infrastructure improvements can promote compact, corridor, or leap frog development, or it can encourage infill and redevelopment. Similarly, commercial or industrial development can be promoted over residential development by the location of utility improvements in proximity to major roadways. By definition, the Plan gives a higher priority to development of the Urban over the Non -Urban Area because water and wastewater services will be provided only to the Future Urban Area. Within the Future Urban Area, capital improvements priorities such as the following have been identified: areas currently served by water and wastewater services; utility services to employment uses have a higher priority over residential and service uses; extension of services to promote development in the southeast quadrant of the City, specifically the Rabbit Hill District. Maintenance and monitoring of IMAGE will indicate the need for infrastructure improvements based on the demands of approved developments. STATE AND COUN'T'Y FUNDING The City's ability to accomplish all of the Ends and Means of the Development Plan is limited by financial ability and jurisdiction. Therefore, it is crucial that we take advantage of the expertise and resources available from the State and County governments. This is primarily a discussion of funding options for transportation improvements because the County has little, if any, ability to fund utility 73 OF Georgetown improvements, and the State's involvement in utility planning and construction will be limited to the availability of grants and loans. The City should pursue these whenever applicable to utility improvements included in the Capital Improvements Program. The roadway system in the Georgetown Planning Area, on the other hand, is comprised of streets owned and maintained by the City of Georgetown, Williamson County, and the State of Texas. Fonds for road construction, maintenance, and upgrades throughout the Planning Area come from the County general revenue fund and State and federal programs. `k I The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) fonds the State highway system through a combination of State and federal funds. The State funds are accumulated through a user fee system that includes the motor fuel tax, registration fees, vehicle sales tax, and other user -based fees. The State collects a 15 cent per gallon motor fuel tax, 11.25 cents of which funds highway programs. The federal government collects a 10 cent tax on a gallon of gasoline; approximately 85 percent of which is allocated back to the States by a formula based on population, road miles, and other roadway characteristics. The TxDOT receives and allocates these funds for the State of Texas. The TxDOT uses its funding to construct, maintain, and upgrade all of the roadways on the State system. The TxDOT also funds a variety of programs to study the transportation- related needs experienced by Texas communities. Two recent studies conducted for the City of Georgetown, the Traffic Accident Profile and the Safety Improvement Anal�, were funded by the TxDOT. The Traffic Accident Profile documents the problems within the community which result in traffic accidents in order to facilitate the correction of these problems. The Safety Analysis examined three major thoroughfares in Georgetown for safety- related problems. The recommendations for improvements which resulted from this study will be incorporated into the work program of the TxDOT. By taking advantage of programs such as these the City can obtain a great deal of transportation consulting at nominal or no cost to the City. Georgetown is fortunate to have alarge part of its arterial roadway network on the State highway system. Much of the work necessary to achieve the thoroughfare 74 I GeoOF rgetown TEXAS DEVELOPMENT PLAN system shown on the Transportation Plan Map can be accomplished by the State, leaving the City primarily responsible for the reservation of right-of-way, at least on the State system. To this end, the City should use the recommendations of the Transportation Element to influence the priorities of the Highway Commission in order to ensure that the Ends and Means of the Plan are implemented. Williamson County is responsible for the construction and maintenance of roads and bridges which are not part of the State highway system nor within incorporated city limits. In general, State Statutes grant counties the authority to develop and approve specifications for road construction within subdivisions; hire labor and purchase equipment necessary to construct and maintain public roads; acquire rights-of-way; contract for road construction; adopt traffic regulations; and construct and maintain bridges and drainage works. Counties may also establish county road districts for the purpose of road construction. In Williamson County, each Commissioner is responsible for overseeing road construction and maintenance in his/her precinct. The Williamson County Subdivision Regulations, as amended in February 1985, describe the requirements for design and construction of streets in the rural subdivisions. Roadway construction and maintenance is primarily funded with the County Road and Bridge Fund, based on the farm-to- market lateral road tax of $0.238375 per $100 assessed valuation (1988). Three of the four Williamson County precincts are located at least partially within the Georgetown Planning Area, these include Precincts 1, 2, and 3. It is important to develop and maintain a close working relationship between City officials and the County Commissioners with responsibility for roadways within the Georgetown Planning Area. Williamson County officials are important partners in the City's efforts to ensure that the entire roadway system of the Georgetown Pluming Area is designed and built to standards that fulfill the Ends and Means of the Development Plan. IMPACT FERS Senate Bill 336, effective as of Tune 20, 1987, and codified as Chapter 395 of the Local Government Code, governs the use of impact fees to frtance capital improvements. Municipalities are given the authority to assess impact fees on new developments in order to fund or recoup the costs of capital improvements required to support new development. The use of impact fees shifts the costs of providing services to new development from the community as a whole to the development itself. Among . the capital improvements which may be funded by impact fees are 75 Georgetown DEVELOPMENT PLAN water supply, treatment, and distribution facilities; wastewater collection and treatment facilities; and storm water, drainage, and flood control facilities. Roadway facilities may also be funded by impact fees, provided they are not part of the State or federal highway system and they are located within the corporate limits of the municipality. It is important to ensure that the improvements funded by impact fees bear a relationship to the development being assessed the cost. The City of Georgetown repealed its Ordinances which authorized the collection of capital recovery fees (impact fees) effective October 24, 1989- Before that time, new developments were charged capital recovery fees to enable the City to recoup the cost of water line and plant improvements and wastewater collection line and plant improvements. Fees were assessed on new development and redevelopment that would use the City's water and /or wastewater services. Although transportation improvements have not been funded by the City's capital recovery fees, they are a potential source of funding to enable the City to implement portions of the Transportation Plan Map. If the City expects to assess capital recovery fees in the future, it will be necessary to fully comply with the requirements of Chapter 395. In addition to significant procedural requirements, Chapter 395 mandates that all cities which assess impact fees prepare and adopt land use assumptions and a capital improvements plan. The land use assumptions must describe the service area and project changes in land uses, intensities, densities, and population over a minimum of 10 years. The capital improvements plan should include the following elements: - a description of the existing capital improvements within the service area and the costs to improve or replace the existing system to meet current needs; - an analysis of total capacity, current demands, and committed demands on the existing system; - a description, including costs, of the capital improvements and facility expansions needed to serve new development in the service area based on the land use assumptions; - a table showing the service units generated., consumed, or discharged for each type of capital improvement proposed, and equivalencies of service units to land use categories; a projection of service units required by and attributable to 76 Georgetown new development within the service area based on the approved land use assumptions; and - a projection of the demands for capital improvements or facility expansions required by new service units for a period not to exceed 10 years. Both the land use assumptions and the capital improvements plan must be updated at least every three years beginning with adoption of the capital improvements plan. The Development Plan addresses most of the requirements of Chapter 395. The Iand Intensity Element fulfills the requirement for land use assumptions. The Transportation and Utilities Elements provide the estimates of existing and future demand that will form the basis of a ten -year capital improvements plan. The Transportation Plan Map contained within this Plan designates the arterial street system which will support the programmed development. Those roadways designated on the map and eligible for funding by impact fees would form the basis of the capital improvements plan for roadways. Although a more detailed Capital Improvements Plan Functional Plan will be developed at a later date to address the full range of capital improvements necessitated by the Century Plan, it will be necessary to develop a CIP for the purposes of complying with Chapter 395 if the City expects to assess capital recovery fees in the future. SPECIAL IMPROVEh'IENT DISTRICTS The State of Texas permits a wide variety of taxing districts in order to promote the development of land. These districts may include municipal utility districts (MUDS), county road districts, road utility districts, special utility districts, and public improvement districts. These taxing districts permit the sale of bonds and/or assessment of a special tax in a limited geographic area for the purpose of installing, improving, and maintaining infrastructure. The improvements are expected to attract development to that particular area. County Road Districts are authorized by Vernon's Annotated Civil Statutes, Article 6702 -1, Section 4.413. These districts are financed by tax- exempt bonds issued by the County Commissioners and supported by special ad valorem taxes on the property within the district. In order to issue the bonds 50 voters /residents in the proposed district (or a majority if there are less than 100 residents) must submit a petition to the Commissioners Court. The Court will then hold a public hearing to determine whether the proposed improvements will benefit the district. Final 77 Gorrgetown TEXAS 7047 I'"i MM approval of the district and sale of the bonds must be obtained through a general election of the voters within the district. It is important to ensure, due to the tax- exempt status of the bonds, that the mad projects serve the public interest. Travis County assures this by requiring that only roads on the current transportation plan or major thoroughfares may be funded by County Road Districts. There is one County Road District in the Georgetown Planning Area, the Georgetown Road District No. 1, also known as the Georgetown Loop. This road district is located south of State Highway 29, to the west of the Stonehedge Subdivision. Created in 1986, it contains 281 acres and is authorized to sell $2,500,000 in bonds, although none have been sold to date. The purpose of this road district was to build a portion of the Georgetown Inner Loop Road. A second type of road district, the Road Utility District, is authorized by Vernon's Annotated Civil Statutes, Article 6674r -1. These districts must be approved by the TxDOT after submittal of a petition requesting creation of the district and signed by 100 percent of the land owners within the proposed district. The petition must be approved by the County and any city whose corporate or extra - territorial jurisdiction is included in the proposed district. Road Utility Districts actually have more extensive authority than County Road Districts; however, due to the elaborate procedures required to obtain approval, none have been created throughout the State. In addition to the County Road District which is located within the Georgetown Planning Area, there are also several MUDS within our community. Williamson County MUDS. S, 6, 7, and 8 are all located to the northwest of the City. Only MUDS 5 and 6, the Berry Creek Subdivision, have development underway, but the proposed development of all MUDS has been respected by the programmed intensities in those areas. Any further creation and development of special improvement districts should be carefully monitored by the City. This will require keeping abreast of the State requirements, which have tended to change with each legislative session. Proposals for these special districts must also be reviewed for compliance with the Century Plan. The Future Urban Area is programmed to be served by City water and wastewater during the planning period. Therefore, special districts proposed to provide these services should be discouraged within the Future Urban Area. Eft control should be sought throughout the Non -Urban Area as soon as possible. This will enable the City to regulate the subdivision of land throughout the Non -Urban Area and therefore control, to a greater degree, the creation and intensity of special districts which do not propose to use City utilities. M 3 Georrgetown EXACTIONS In order to implement the Transportation and Utilities Elements of the Plan it will be necessary to obtain right -of -way to upgrade existing systems and to construct new roadways and utility lines. Right -of -way can be obtained either through the direct purchase of land and construction of services by the City or through exactions of property and improvements as a requirement of development. An exaction is a requirement to contribute land or pay a fee "in lieu of" in order to meet a specific public need. A typical element of subdivision regulation is to require developers to construct on -site mads and utility lines and dedicate them to the public. It is also possible, however, to require developers to contribute right -of -way to enable adjacent roadways to be upgraded or constructed to meet the demands created by the new development. As with impact fees, the exactions required must bear a relationship to the development being assessed. To ensure this, exactions for roadway purposes should require the contribution of only as much fightof- -way as will be necessary to accommodate the traffic volume directly attributable to the development. Because of the relatively small size of most projects, the required dedication generally will not be more than the right-of -way sufficient to construct a collector -level road. The payment of a fee in lieu of dedication of land for right -of -way purposes would be an option, at the City Council's discretion, for developments which have negligible or no frontage on arterials but will contribute to the traffic volumes on nearby arterials. Development exactions for roadway purposes should be based on the needs identified by IMAGE and the general alignment and ultimate design configuration established by the Transportation Plan Map and Table of Transportation Improvements. The alignment of roadways depicted on the Transportation Plan Map does not completely account for natural or manmade features such as steep slopes, waterways, wildlife habitats, neighborhoods, historic structures, or existing roadways. Therefore, at the time that right -of -way is obtained for specific roadways, detailed engineering studies must be conducted, typically by the developer, to determine the precise alignment of the roadway. Reservation of right -of -way for a roadway, from that point in time, shall constitute a determination of a specific. alignment. As developments are proposed where new arterials or improvements to existing arterials are shown on the Transportation Plan Map, the development would have to respect the Plan and dedicate the right -of -way prescribed by the Table of Transportation Improvements and the Design Standards for Streets. Each development would have to dedicate the required right-of-way regardless of size. For example; a development proposed along a road with 80 feet 7701 GeoOF rgetown of existing right-of-way and an ultimate need for 120 feet, will be required to dedicate 20 feet of right -of -way. The same dedication requirement will be made of the development proposed for the opposite side of the street. In this manner, the entire 120 feet of required right -of -way can be obtained from adjacent developments. Georgetown's current Subdivision Ordinance requires developers to provide approved public water supply and sanitary sewer systems to their developments. When the City's system is "within reasonable distance of the subdivision..., but in no case less than one -half mile away and connection to the system is both possible and permissible," the developer is also required to make this connection. These systems must be consistent with the requirements of the Century Plan. It is recommended that this requirement be continued as one element of the overall utility extension policy to be developed by the City Council (see the Utilities Element of the Plan). THOROUGHFARE IMPROVEMENTS \ Thoroughfare improvements undertaken by �\ the City of Georgetown will conducted as one element of the However, Georgetown is in the unique e po . position that most of the existing arterial roadways in the Planning Area are maintained by Williamson County or the State of Texas. Therefore, improvements to the thoroughfare system will require a close working relationship with several levels of government jurisdiction. Georgetown's primary role in development of the thoroughfare system will be to acquire right -of -way. The tools for doing this, as well as funding and maintaining roadway improvements, are discussed throughout the IMPLEMENTATION section. However, because the roadway system is both a use of land and a constraint on the use of adjacent land, the role of transportation planning in the impact analysis is discussed here briefly. IMAGE is the primary means by which traffic volumes, and thereby demand for roadway improvements, will be monitored. The Land Intensity Element assigns a development intensity to each parcel of land in the community. The Transportation Plan Map and roadway design standards depict the traffic capacity GeoOF rgetown TEXAS of each roadway in the thoroughfare system. Using IMAGE, the expected traffic demand of each development proposal will be evaluated in relation to the existing or programmed roadway capacity. Roadways designed to a higher functional classification will have greater capacity and, therefore, will be able to support higher intensity development. If a new development will cause a particular roadway segment to operate below LOS C, the development must be denied, or improvements to the roadway completed prior to generation of the excess demand. Roadways which are found to be operating at worse than LOS C shall become a priority for improvement in the Annual Operating Plan and Capital Improvements Program. The priorities for developing the thoroughfare system will be primarily determined on the basis of the Transportation Plan Map and Table of Transportation Improvements, and IMAGE. These mechanisms, however, are only useful to the extent that they account for a variety of needs, including protection of right -of -way, maintenance of roadways, and safety along roadways. The protection and acquisition of transportation corridors is a legitimate City function and the most significant, immediate use of the Transportation Functional Plan. The City can preserve right -of -way either through direct purchase or by requiring a dedication of property from adjacent property owners. These dedications, known as exactions, are described in a previous. section. The right -of -way needs for the thoroughfare system have been delineated in the Table of Transportation Improvements and the Design Standards for Streets. These requirements can most effectively be met if the City makes it a priority to obtain right -0f - -way on an incremental basis, as opportunities arise or developments are proposed which will impact the roadway. In order to ensure a timely, efficient, and cost - effective road improvement program, right -of -way should be obtained through the development process at every opportunity, and in sufficient amounts to accommodate the projected intensity. Facility design, on the other hand; should be based on committed demand plus a projection of the 10 -year programmed demand, and should follow the detailed design standards found in the Transportation Element and the proposed development code. Roadway maintenance should be a high priority of a transportation improvement program. Maintenance is important because of its role in conserving the resource that the roadway system represents, and because a well- maintained system will assist the Urban Design Policy of improving the appearance of the community, developing a positive image, and enhancing the environmental and aesthetic attractiveness of the community. Each Annual Operating Plan of the City of Georgetown shall include an item for maintenance of roadways. This maintenance fund will be used to improve all local, collector, and arterial -level 81 Georgetown 1 roads on the City's system. The determination of the roadways to be improved in any given year shall be based on a staff -level assessment of pavement condition, level of service, and planned additions to meet new demands. It shall be explicitly understood that roadway maintenance includes the construction and maintenance of sidewalks where they currently exist or should be provided under the provisions of the development regulations. Maintaining a safe transportation system is also considered a high priority of the Transportation Functional Plan. One of the primary ways to accomplish this is to ensure the separation of disparate modes of transportation. In general, this means that pedestrian and bicycle paths should be constructed along separate rights -of -way from automobile traffic, and railroad crossings should be grade separated. The Georgetown Railroad Company is committed to developing a rail system that is entirely grade separated from the thoroughfare system. The City, in turn, is prepared to participate in this effort and will encourage the State, the County, and private developers to participate as well. Specific decisions as to how the grade separation will be accomplished will be based on engineering criteria. The development of a thoroughfare network, including design, funding, construction, and maintenance, is a function which the City of Georgetown shares with private developers, Williamson County, the State of Texas, the Federal government, and other cities in the region.. For this reason, long range, coordinated transportation planning is a vital factor in the success of the impact analysis. Development cannot proceed, either practically or legally, without access to the thoroughfare system. Using IMAGE as the tool for determining and monitoring demand on the thoroughfare system will enable the City to maintain the physical integrity of the transportation system and respect the system's operating capacity. IMAGE also ensures that the determination of right -of -way needs and ultimate capacity is legitimate and supportable. E